In the remote, arid reaches of southeast Oregon and northern Nevada, Western Rivers Conservancy has embarked on a game-changing effort to recover one of the West’s most imperiled fish: Lahontan cutthroat trout.
Lahontan cutthroat—the state fish of Nevada—are a large, bright-orange species of cutthroat that were once abundant across thousands of miles of streams in the Great Basin. Today, the fish are on the brink of extinction because the pristine, cold-water habitat they depend on has been disappearing for a century, coupled with hybridization and competition from non-native fish.
The primary hope for Lahontan cutthroat lies with the increasingly rare perennial streams that flow cold and clear through the dry sagebrush country of the Great Basin. Chief among these streams is McDermitt Creek, which drains the southern slopes of Oregon’s Trout Creek Mountains and crosses the state line into the Great Basin of Nevada. From there it flows into the Quinn River, which eventually evaporates in a sink in the Black Rock Desert.
To protect over 18 miles of McDermitt Creek and key tributary streams, WRC purchased a lynchpin property: Disaster Peak Ranch. A working cattle ranch for generations, the property owes its superb condition to the efforts of the past two managers, both of which had a strong conservation ethic and prioritized healthy habitat alongside ranching since the 1980s.
Building on that legacy, WRC will conserve and improve the property’s habitat while keeping the ranch in operation, contributing to the local economy and continuing its legacy of responsible land use in balance with conservation goals. Bordered on all sides by BLM land, including seven BLM-managed wilderness study areas, Disaster Peak Ranch and its surrounding landscape will continue to support important wildlife species like greater sage-grouse, the colorfully-plumed bird that indicates healthy sagebrush grasslands. The area is also home to Columbia spotted frog, pygmy rabbit, mule deer, California bighorn sheep, Rocky Mountain elk, bobcat, great horned owl, coyote, mountain lion, raccoon, muskrat, beaver, golden eagle and sandhill crane.
In April 2024, we conveyed the Nevada side of the ranch to the Nevada Division of State Lands. The Oregon side of the property remains in WRC ownership as we work with Nevada Department of Wildlife, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to create a management plan for the entire property that is focused on maintaining and enhancing habitat for Lahontan cutthroat trout. Working together, WRC and our partners will restore and reconnect 55 miles of stream habitat on and around the property. This will double the number of stream miles available to Lahontan cutthroat in the species’ northwest range, a huge boost for this fish’s chance at survival. WRC’s efforts will also allow fisheries biologists to remove non-native rainbow trout from McDermitt Creek, then reintroduce genetically pure populations of Lahontan cutthroat to the full length of McDermitt Creek, where they once thrived.
As the project progresses, we are moving toward a shared vision of thriving, self-sustaining runs of Lahontan cutthroat along the full length of McDermitt Creek and its many tributaries to ensure this beautiful and important fish survives into the next century and beyond.
